BentoTex

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BentoTex is geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) consisting of a thin layer of low permeable sodium bentonite and
two layers of geotextile: PP woven fabric and PP non-woven fabric. Three layers are needle punched together
to increase shear resistance. BentoTex has been proved to provide engineering performance and durability
better than several feet thick compacted clay or a quarter inch thick bentonite admixed with soil. BentoTex,
highly impermeable barrier, is frequently used as liner of environmental containment, pond and river. It is an
alternative to traditional compacted clay liner.

Characteristics
• When bentonite layer confined is hydrated, it is not able to swell free but renders incomplete underground structures or workmanship interms of waterproofing completed, owing to 4 kinds of self finish as abbreviated to 4S
*4S: Self-adhering to structure surface, Self-detailing corners, Selfseaming overlapped joints of bentonite sheets, and Self-sealing minor cracks of structures
• Installation of bentonite is faster, more cost-effective, and more hygienic than that of bentonite admixed with soil, that requires large earth work and produces dust during mixing bentonite and soil
• Defective installation can be checked by simple visual inspection

 Permanent waterproofing performance: no deterioration even after severe freeze-thaw or wet-dry cycles.
Natural inorganic mineral bentonite that is hardly degraded
 Simple, fast, eco-friendly construction: installation by simple joint overlap, least construction defects and
non-hazardous substance
 All-weather construction: installation enabled even on wet surface and under cold weather
 Simple quality control: visual inspection is sufficient
 Simple repair by filling defective area with granular bentonite
Use
• Preventing soil pollution from landfill leachate
• Liner for artificial water way, lake, pond, and water hazard
• Exterior waterproofing and protection for underground structures such as building basement, tunnel,
underground car park, and water tank

BentoTex/BentoSheet

Use
• Preventing soil pollution from landfill leachate
• Liner for artificial water way, lake, pond, and water hazard
• Exterior waterproofing and protection for underground structures    

  such as building basement, tunnel, underground car park, and

  water tank Mineral characteristics of Bentonite

Waterproofing characteristics of Bentonite

1. Swelling
Sodium swells 15 to 20 times of its original volume when hydrated and it absorbs water 5 times of its own weight. The crystal of bentonite consists of three layers: a silicon tetrahedron, an aluminum octahedron and another silicon tetrahedron. The unit structure is a very thin platelet about 10A [1 nm] thick and 0.1 to1μm wide. When bentonite comes in contact with water, it absorbs the water and swells up. This swelling is caused by an interaction between interlayer cations and water molecules. The gap between bentonite
layers is widened as the interlayer cations attract the water molecules. When bentonite is dispersed in water,the platelets bond together electrostatically to form a house-of-cards structure and the liquid becomesviscous. When the house-of-cards structure develops further, the bentonite-dispersed liquid becomes a gel.
2. Adhesion
Sodium bentonite not only has its own adhesion but also adheres to other materials. It does not give any chemical effect to other material. Bentonite is used as binder of molding sand, stabilizing agent of underground diaphragm wall construction, and admix material for impermeable barrier mixed with soil and cement.
3. Cohesion
When bentonite particle is dispersed in water, it does no longer precipitate but maintain colloidal status. By its own cohesion and bonding characteristics, bentonite is used for paints, chemicals, soil binders, cleaners, and coagulants of waste water.
4. Gelation
bentonite has a superior property of gelation with water. It reacts with water and forms gel to impede water get through it.

1> BentoTex

Products
• BentoTex-S : Standard product for waste landfill and environmental containments
• BentoTex-LS : For pond, river, and waterway
• BentoTex-SW : For landfill, environmental containments under saline environment
• BentoTex-K : For underground structure, shafts, car pass, and subway
• BentoTex-BE : For landfill and environmental containments where leachate needs to be purified

Specifications
   Items             Test Method           Unit          BentoTex-S         BentoTex-K   

BentoTex
Width                                                m                 1.2                       5.4
Length                                              m                 5.4                       40
Thickness               ASTM D 5199   mm              ≥ 6.5                  ≥ 6.5
Weight                    ASTM D 5993   g/m2            ≥ 4,800                ≥ 4,800
Tensile Strength (Grab)   ASTM D 4632    N     ≥ 400 (40.8 kgf )   ≥ 400 (40.8 kgf )
Tensile Elongation (Grab) ASTM D 4632    %               ≥ 10                    ≥ 10
Peel Strength          ASTM D 6496   N/m          ≥ 66 (6.8kgf )     ≥ 66 (6.8kgf )
Punching Resistance         ASTM D 4833    N       ≥ 445 (45.3 kgf )  ≥ 445 (45.3 kgf )
Natural Sodium Bentonite
Swelling Index         ASTM D 5890  ml/2g         ≥ 24                 ≥ 24
Fluid Loss                ASTM D 5891   mL            ≤ 18                 ≤ 18
Permeability             ASTM D 5887  cm/sec      ≤ e x 10-9        ≤ e x 10-9
Average Diameter                             mesh        16∼40                     16∼40
Specificgravity                                                     2.7                           2.7

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2>BentoSheet

Products
• BentoSheet-S : Standard product for external wall of underground structure
• BentoSheet-SW : For external wall in saline environments
• BentoSheet-BH : Standard BentoSheet reinforced by with non-woven textile
Specifications
Items                     Test Method      Unit                      Korea Paramount Inc. Specification
BentoSheet
Width                                                  m                                   ≥ 1.2
Length                                                m                                   ≥ 7.5
Thickness              ASTM D5199    mm                                   ≥ 4.5
Weight                   ASTM D5993     g/m2                                 ≥ 4,800
Hydrostatic
Pressure Test        ASTM D5385                   No leaking at 50m water head
Natural Sodium Bentonite
Swelling Index       ASTM D5890    ml/2g                                ≥ 24
Fluid Loss              ASTM D5891    mL                                    ≤ 18
Average Diameter                          mesh                                16∼40
Specific gravity                                                                          2.7
HDPE Sheet (High Density Polyethylene)
Thickness               ASTM D5199   mm                                    0.5 ± 0.1
Tensile Strength    ASTM D4632    N/cm2                    ≥ 2,452(250kgf/cm2)
Elongation              ASTM D638      %                                      ≥ 450
Breaking Load       ASTM D4833    N/cm                      ≥ 392.3 (40kgf/cm)